Niederkirchen has 630 inhabitants and an area of 3,8 km². It was first documentally mentioned in 699 as "Didineschaime", 1366 it was mentioned as "Nyderdidesheim". Niederkirchen was the germ cell for the neighboring town Deidesheim.

The catholic church is one of the oldest sacral buildings of the Palatinate, the romanuesque nave and steeple date back to the 11th century. The gothic choir was built around 1300. Parts of the architecture are closely related to the Cathedral in Speyer and Limburg Abbey.